Papal conclave 1431 (March 2 – March 3, 1431) convened after the death of Pope Martin V, elected as his successor cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name Eugene IV. It was the first papal conclave held after the end of the Great Western Schism.
List of participants[]
Pope Martin V died on February 20, 1431. At the time of his death, there were 22 living cardinals, but only 19 were considered to be valid electors. 13 of them participated in the conclave:
Elector | Nationality | Cardinalatial Title | Elevated | Elevator | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Giordano Orsini | Roman | Bishop of Albano | 1405, June 12 | Pope Innocent VII | Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Grand penitentiary; Cardinal-protector of the Order of Franciscans |
Antonio Correr, O.C.R.S.A. | Venetian | Bishop of Porto e Santa Rufina | 1408, May 9 | Pope Gregory XII (Cardinal-nephew) | Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica |
Antonio Panciera | Friuli | Priest of S. Susanna | 1411, June 6 | Antipope John XXIII | Protopriest of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Administrator of the suburbicarian see of Frascati |
Gabriel Condulmer, O.C.R.S.A. (elected Pope Eugene IV) | Venetian | Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere | 1408, May 9 | Pope Gregory XII (Cardinal-nephew) | |
Alfonso Carillo de Albornoz | Castilian | Priest of SS. IV Coronati | 1408, September 22 | Antipope Benedict XIII | Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica; Administrator of Osma and of Sigüenza |
Branda Castiglione | Duchy of Milan | Priest of S. Clemente | 1411, June 6 | Antipope John XXIII | |
Jean de La Rochetaillée | French | Priest of S. Lorenzo in Lucina | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Rouen and of Besançon; Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica; Cardinal-protector of the Order of Carmelites |
Antonio Cassini | Siena | Priest of S. Marcello | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Grosseto |
Niccolo Albergati, O.Carth. | Bolognese | Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Bologna |
Lucido Conti | Roman | Deacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin | 1411, June 6 | Antipope John XXIII | Protodeacon of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Cardinal-protector of the Teutonic Order; Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals |
Ardicino della Porta | Duchy of Milan | Deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | |
Prospero Colonna | Roman | Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro | 1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430 | Pope Martin V (Cardinal-nephew) | |
Giuliano Cesarini | Roman | Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria | 1426, May 24, published on November 8, 1430 | Pope Martin V |
The Council of Constance confirmed the cardinalatial creations of the all three obediences of the time of Schism. Six participants were creatures of Pope Martin V, three – of "Pisan" Antipope John XXIII, two of "Roman" Pope Gregory XII, one by "Roman" Pope Innocent VII and one of Antipope Benedict XIII of Avignon.
Absentee[]
Six electors did not participate in this conclave:
Elector | Nationality | Cardinalatial Title | Elevated | Elevator | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pierre de Foix, O.F.M. | French | Cardinal-Priest of S. Stefano al Monte Celio | September, 1414 | Antipope John XXIII | Legate in Avignon; administrator of Comminges |
Domingo Ram, O.C.R.S.A. | Catalonian | Priest of SS. Giovanni e Paolo | 1423, July 23, published on November 8, 1430 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Lerida |
Louis Aleman, O.C.R.S.J. | French | Priest of S. Cecilia | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Arles |
Henry Beaufort | English | Priest of S. Eusebio | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Winchester; legate a latere in England |
Juan de Cervantes | Castilian | Priest of S. Pietro in Vincoli | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Tui |
Hugues Lancelot de Lusignan | Kingdom of Cyprus | Deacon of S. Adriano | 1426, May 24 | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Nicosia |
All the absentee electors were created by Martin V, except Pierre de Foix, who was elevated by Pisan Antipope John XXIII.
Non-electors[]
Pope Martin V initiated the custom of creating cardinals without publishing their names at the time (in pectore). Three cardinals created in this way were not allowed to participate in this conclave, because their names had not been published before the death of Martin V (Casanova and de Montfort), or some necessary rites had not been accomplished (Capranica):
Elector | Nationality | Cardinalatial Title | Elevated | Elevator | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Juan Casanova, O.P. | Catalonian | Priest of S. Sisto | November 8, 1430, not published | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Elne |
Guillaume Ragenel de Montfort | French | Priest [no title assigned] | 1430, November 8, not published | Pope Martin V | Bishop of Saint-Malo |
Domenico Capranica | Capranica Prenestina, Papal States | Deacon of S. Maria in Via Lata | 1423, July 23, published on November 8, 1430, but without finishing the rite of his investiture as cardinal | Pope Martin V | Administrator of Fermo; Governor of Perugia and of the Duchy of Spoleto |
The election of Pope Eugene IV[]
On March 2 all cardinals present in Rome entered the conclave in Santa Maria sopra Minerva. Initially, the electors prepared and subscribed the conclave capitulation. The terms of the capitulation were following:
• Half of papal revenue was to be shared with the College of Cardinals
• No major issues were to be decided without the consent of the College
The first scrutiny took place on the following day and ended with unanimous election of Cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name of Eugene IV. On March 11 he was solmenly crowned in the steps of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica by Cardinal Lucido Conti, protodeacon of S. Maria in Cosmedin.
Sources[]
- Salvador Miranda: list of participants of the papal conclave of 1431
- Francis Burkle-Young “Papal elections in the Fifteenth Century: the election of Eugenius IV
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